Electric distribution system.



S. B. HESS.

ELECTRIC msrmsunou SYSTEM. APPUQAHON HLED JULY 30' I911- 1,29s,711'. I Patented Apr. 1,1919.

KNZENTQR /MQ 14 4 f i ELECTRIC DISTEIBUTEQN SYQTEIE.

wrung-3mm new Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr; 1,1019.

Original application filed May 17, 1915, Serial No. 28,792. Divided and this application filed 31113 30, 1917.,

$erial1io. 153,482.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, SIMON B. Hess, a citizen or" the United States, residing at New York city, in the county of Queens and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Distribution Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain novel means whereby public service or other electric mains may be utilized as the source of supply for protective or other work circuits,

thus eliminating the cost and annoyance incident-t9 the use of batteries.

The method of obtaining a difference of potential by connecting work circuit leads to intermediate points on a resistance, the ter i'ninals of which are connected to the service mains, is well known in the art.

The object of this invention is to provide means for interrupting the supply to the work circuits whenever there is a disturbance in the condition of the work circuits.

A particular work circuit arrangement with which this invention may be utilized is described and claimed in my copending application, filed- May 17, 1915, Serial No. 28,792, of which application this application is a division.

Referring now to the drawings :Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View showing a method of connecting the work circuits to the public service mains; F ig. 2 shows another method of connecting thereto.

In Fig. 1, S indicates the service mains which are shown as of the standard threc- Wire type. From themain S two taps 43 and 44 are taken (44 from the neutral or grounded main and 43 from either outside main), the tap 43 leading to a pair of circuits in shunt, one of said circuits including the resistance R, the relay coil (3, the Wire 45, to the tap wire 44; and the other includ ing the resistance R, the contact stop 46 (normally engaging the armature 47), the armature 47, the relay coil C, the Wire 48, the resistance 10, to the tap wire 44. The work circuits are connected to the resistance 10 at the contact clips 11, 12 and 13 thereon. The relay coils C and C are arranged to oppose one another, and are so near] y balanced that armature 47 remains normally in its retracted position.

As an example of desirable values for different parts of the system let it be assumed that :the constant potential impressed upon the tap Wires 43 and 441's 120 volts; resist,-v anceR is 5000 ohms, resistance R is, 1000 ohms, resistance of coil C is 160 ohms, resistance of coil C is ohms, resistance 10 isoefi 3000 ohms, and that the contact clips 11, 12, and .13 are so adjusted upon resistance .10 that the'portion thereof between Wi-re48 and contact clip 11 is 1000 chins, between contact clip 11 and contact between contact clip .12 and contact clip '13 is 750 ohms, and between contact clip 13 and tap Wire 44 is 500 ohms; coil C has-2600 f tune and coil C has 1700 turns; lti enk' pere turns are required armature 47 to cause it stop 40. H Then the normal current flow through coil C is .0232 amperes, and'the ampere turns are 60. If both work circuits are disconnected turns acting upon the armature 47, which is not moved. Hence, Whatever Work circuit resistance is connected to contact clips 11, 12, and 13, the current flow through coil C can vary only between the extreme values (.0284. amperes and .0440 given, and the unbalanced ampere turns insuiiicient to move armature 47.

H the Work circuit has an assumed resistance of 125 ohms in each path and becomes grounded at contact clip l3,that resistance 10 between contact clip 13 and tap wire 44 is short-circuited, and the current flow through coil C is .0492 ainperes and the" ampere turns are 82. In this casethere are;

are

22 ampere turns acting upon the armature 9 47,'which is operatively affected thereby and moved to attracted position, thus opening the circuit including the resistance 10. its

soon as this circuit is opened, all of the 60 G become effective and 105 to operati velyflaftect' is -to move away from amperes) above 9} portion of 3', and no The foregoing resistances, etc, are as- '10 sinned only for purposes-of illustration and may be varied at will to adapt this system for use with ork circuits of different resistance, or requiring difl'erent voltage for their successful operation.

In Fig. 2 is shownan arrangement similar I to that in Fig. 1, but with the insertion of an extra pair of'contacts49, 50in the wire 44; 51 being a contact plate mounted on the armature- 47, and 449 and 50 being-stop contacts intended to coiiperate therewith. This arrangement has the efiect that a ground uponeither work circuit will initiate the movement of armature 47, but upon the Opening of the circuit'through wire 44' at contacts 49 and 50, vibration of the armature,

' takes place and consequently any lamps'connected to that portion of the work circuits not shunted by the ground will be caused to flicker. I 1 It will obviously be evident to one skilled f'inthe art that variouschanges'm'ay be made in the arrangement of t'he wiring, resistances, and switches without departing; from "the spirit of the'invention.

I claim 3 1. In an electric system, the combination with electric-mains one of which islgroi n ed, of a resistance connected between-the with electricmalns, of a reslstance connected between two of said mains, awork circuit rounded main and'one of the other mains,

40 work-circuits connected to intermediate points on said resistance, and means for automatically disconnecting said mains when said work circuits aregrounded. 2. In an electric system, the'coi'nbination with electric mains, of a resistance connected "between two of said mains, work circuits connected to said resistance, and a differential relay having one winding connected in series withsaidresistance and'the other winding connected in parallel with said resistance, said'relay being arranged when operated toopen the circuit through said re-' s'istance.

. I 3. In an electric system, the'cornbination with electric mains, o ffa. resistance connected between. two of said mains, Work circuits connected .to said resistance, and a differential relay having one Winding connected in series with said resistance and the other winding connected in parallel with said resistance, said relay being arranged When operated to open the circuit through the winding in series .withs'aid resistance.

. 4. In an electric system, the combination with electric mains, of a resistance connected between two of said; mains, work circuits connected to said resistance, .a differential relay having-onewinding connected in series with said resistance and the other winding connected-in parallel with said resistance, a sw tch in series with one of said windlngs,

and another switch in series' with both of 1 said windings, said relay being arranged when operated to open both of said switches. 55. In an electric system,- the combination with electric mains, ofa resistance connected between two of said mains, work circuits connected to said res1stance,-- and a dlfi'erential relay having one winding connected in 2 series with said resistance and 'the other windingconnected in parallel with said resistance, said relay being arranged when op' erated to open the circuit through one of said windings.

6. Inan electric system, the-combination with electric' mains, of a resistance connected between two of said mains, a work circuit connectedto said resistance, and a magnet. having one wlndlng connected inseries with said resistance, said magnet being arranged when operated to open the circult through said resistance. g

-- 7. In" an.electric system, the combination connected to said resistance, and a magnet having one winding connected in series with said resistance, said magnet being arranged when operated to open the circuit through 4 ed of a resistance connected between the grounded'ln'ain and one of the other mains, work circuits connected to intermedlate points on said resistance, and means for au-. tomatlca'll'y disconnecting said mains when either work circuit is grounded.

SIMON B. HE-ss. 

